DDR captures cervical and lumbar segmental motion as it happens — not in frozen flexion/extension snapshots. Aberrant motion that was previously suspected but difficult to prove becomes quantifiable.
Weight-bearing and functional positions. Shoulders, hips, knees, and TMJ — captured in the positions that recreate the patient’s symptoms.
Cine-loop radiographs with frame-by-frame analysis. Reports suitable for pre- and post-surgical evaluation, clinical documentation, and medicolegal case files.
Digital Dynamic X-Ray is operated by Dr. Maggie Pezeshkian alongside a team of imaging and healthcare professionals. The Tarzana facility houses the only Dynamic Digital Radiography system in California — a distinct technology from fluoroscopy, delivering a series of individual high-resolution radiographs acquired in rapid succession at low radiation dose, with a large field of view and no contrast required.
Dr. Pezeshkian’s dual background in chiropractic and dental hygiene, combined with over a decade of clinical presentation experience, positions the facility as a uniquely cross-disciplinary imaging resource — one that understands both the dental and medical dimensions of craniocervical imaging.
Clinical Indications Commonly Imaged:
Providers Referring to DDR:
For the Referring Provider:
For the Patient:
The Process Is Simple
1. Refer
The referring provider completes a short form or calls the facility directly. Share the clinical question — the study protocol is built around what needs to be seen.
2. Digital Dynamic X-Ray Images
The patient is scheduled at the Tarzana facility. Most exams require under a minute of acquisition time. A clinical note from the referring provider is welcomed and helps sharpen the study.
3. The Report Goes Back to the Referring Provider
Motion study images and a written report are delivered back to the referring provider. The patient returns to the referring provider for interpretation, treatment, and follow-up.
Digital Dynamic X-Ray offers on-site presentations and case review sessions for providers. Dr. Maggie Pezeshkian, DC, RDH, CKTP — an Approved California Dental Association (CDA) CEU Provider — leads these sessions and has presented to healthcare providers, attorneys, and fitness professionals for over a decade.
For Dental Practices:
CDA-accredited CEU presentations on TMJ imaging, craniofacial biomechanics, and the cervical-dental connection.
For Medical, Chiropractic & Allied Health Practices:
Non-accredited educational presentations and case review sessions tailored to the specialty’s diagnostic workflow.
Motion studies are increasingly recognized in peer-reviewed literature as a diagnostic tool capable of revealing instability, joint dysfunction, and biomechanical abnormalities that static imaging alone cannot capture. Selected references below.
Shoulder & Upper Extremity
Xiao, A.X., Karzon, A.L., Hussain, Z.B., Khawaja, S.R., McGinley, B.M., Ahmed, A.S., Gottschalk, M.B., Wagner, E.R. (2023). Variation in scapulohumeral rhythm on dynamic radiography in pathologic shoulders: a novel diagnostic tool. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 32(6S):S123-S131. DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2022.12.023.
Emory University researchers analyzed 121 patients across rotator cuff tears, adhesive capsulitis, and glenohumeral osteoarthritis. The study demonstrated a reproducible method to quantify scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR), revealing patterns of motion impairment that vary across shoulder pathologies — information not accessible from static imaging alone.
Cervical Spine Instability & Whiplash
Freeman, M.D., Katz, E.A., Rosa, S.L., Gatterman, B.G., Strömmer, E.M.F., Leith, W.M. (2020). Diagnostic Accuracy of Videofluoroscopy for Symptomatic Cervical Spine Injury Following Whiplash Trauma. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5):1693. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051693.
A 196-subject study establishing that cervical spine motion studies provide a high degree of diagnostic accuracy (ROC 0.88–0.94, PPV up to 1.0) for identifying ligamentous instability in patients with chronic post-whiplash pain — instability not detectable on standard static radiographs, CT, or MRI.
Spine Injury & Post-Surgical Evaluation
Sharma, J.K., Gupta, A., Kalidindi, K.K.V., Yadav, P., Chhabra, H.S. (2025). Safety and Utility of Functional Dynamic Cervical Spine Radiographs in Select Subaxial Cervical Injury With Incomplete or No Neurological Deficit. Global Spine Journal. DOI: 10.1177/21925682251392880.
Hybrid retrospective and prospective observational study validating functional dynamic cervical spine radiography for identifying instability requiring surgical intervention in subaxial cervical injuries — cases where static imaging alone under-classified the need for stabilization.